Angina or Angina pectoris translated from Latin means chest pain. In angina chest discomfort is often caused by heavy exercise or tension that increases the oxygen needs of the heart.
What are the causes?
By far the most common cause of angina is arthrosclerosis of the coronary arteries. Other rare causes are damage to the valve outlet of ventricle and acute anemia or reduction of oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.
Arthrosclerosis of the coronary arteries is the silting up of the arteries for a period of time. It starts in the lining or intimate as small and flat yellow patches or streaks. These patches grow gradually, projecting into the arteries which ultimately cause serious interference with or even total obstruction of blood flow. Initially these streaks contain cholesterol, by the time that other substances appear as well.
When the silting up of the process is fairly advanced, arteries cannot accommodate the increased blood flow needed when exercising or doing any strenuous activity. The temporary lack of oxygen-rich blood causes the muscles of the heart to go on a cramp painful or uncomfortable. This is the pain of angina.
We feel as angina?
You may experience a feeling tight, oppression or pain in the center of the chest behind the breastbone. This sometimes spreads into the arms of one or both, neck or jaw, through the back (rarely in other directions) pain is constant or continuous while it lasts and never as sharp, stabbing or only a few seconds duration. You may feel like indigestion. The pain typically occurs only on an effort-like walking. You will probably find that the pain occurs whenever you walk a certain distance, or a particular
Speed. It was lifted from the stoop or even slow down, and when you start walking again may be able to walk a good deal further than before. This improved the ability to walk after arrest is very common and is called ' second wind ' angina. Some things may worsen angina, like walking in cold weather, wind, or after a heavy meal. Emotional upset or tension or arousal could bring pain. Further damage to arteries may cause an infringement of the myocardium, or heart attack.
What the doctor should be looking for?
Once it was confirmed that will be completely examined angina before treatment to reveal the condition of the heart muscle and valves, if there is evidence of fatigue in the arteries elsewhere in the body and if important existing risk factors like high blood pressure and obesity.
An EKG will reveal that the presence of any cardiac muscle and an exercise or TMT will confirm the diagnosis of angina and knowing the severity of arthrosclerosis. Other factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and decreased thyroid function should be carefully examined. Contribute to an x-ray of the coronary arteries.
Treatment of Angina
1) the most crucial is control risk factor regular exercise, return to a normal life, weight control and smoking cessation symptoms often improve. Lowering cholesterol and high blood pressure helps too.
2) drugs have to play a role in treatment to relieve pain, increase your ability to exercise, or for the treatment of risk factors such as hypertension or high cholesterol and arthrosclerosis
3) By pass surgery:-coronary surgery aims to circumvent obstructions in the coronary arteries using strips of their leg veins or patients by grafting of internal mammary artery branches. Surgery is not recommended unless all other forms of treatment have been tried as a treatment and lifestyle changes is much more effective surgery, leaving as a last option.
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